ortho-rhumato | Vol 9 | N°5 | 2011
185
références
1. danneels la, Vanderstraeten gg, Cambier dC, Witvrouw ee, de Cuyper hJ, danneels l. Ct
imaging of trunk muscles in chronic low back pain patients and healthy control subjects. eur
spine J 2000;9(4):266-72.
2. elliott J, Jull g, Noteboom Jt, darnell r, galloway g, gibbon WW. Fatty infiltration in the cervical
extensor muscles in persistent whiplash-associated disorders: a magnetic resonance imaging
analysis. spine 2006;31(22):e847-e855.
3. elliott Jm, o'leary s, sterling m, hendrikz J, pedler a, Jull g. magnetic resonance imaging
findings of fatty infiltrate in the cervical flexors in chronic whiplash. spine 2010;35(9):948-54.
4. uhlig y, Weber Br, grob d, muntener m. Fiber composition and fiber transformations in neck
muscles of patients with dysfunction of the cervical spine. J orthop res 1995;13(2):240-9.
5. arendt-Nielsen l, Falla d. motor control adjustments in musculoskeletal pain and the
implications for pain recurrence. pain 2009;142(3):171-2.
6. Van dieën Jh, selen lp, Cholewicki J. trunk muscle activation in low-back pain patients, an
analysis of the literature. J electromyogr Kinesiol 2003;13(4):333-51.
7. Cools am, dewitte V, lanszweert F, et al. rehabilitation of scapular muscle balance: Which
exercises to prescribe? am J sports med 2007;35(10):1744-51.
8. Kay tm, gross a, goldsmith C, santaguida pl, hoving J, Bronfort g. exercises for mechanical neck
disorders. Cochrane database syst rev 2005;(3):Cd004250.
9. Van middelkoop m, rubinstein s, Kuijpers t, et al. a systematic review on the effectiveness of
physical and rehabilitation interventions for chronic non-specific low back pain. eur spine J
2011;20(1):19-39.
10. segal rl. use of imaging to assess normal and adaptive muscle function. phys ther
2007;87(6):704-18.
11. Kinugasa r, Kawakami y, Fukunaga t. Quantitative assessment of skeletal muscle activation using
muscle functional mri. magn reson imaging 2006;24(5):639-44.
12. Bratton CB, hopkins al, Weinberg J. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of living muscle.
science 1965;12(147):738-9.
13. Fleckenstein Jl, Canby rC, parkey rW, peshock rm. acute effects of exercise on mr imaging of
skeletal muscle in normal volunteers. aJr am J roentgenol 1988;151(2):231-7.
14. Fisher mJ, meyer ra, adams gr, Foley Jm, potchen eJ. direct relationship between proton t2 and
exercise intensity in skeletal muscle mr images. invest radiol 1990;25(5):480-5.
15. meyer ra, prior Bm. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of muscle. exerc sport sci rev
2000;28(2):89-92.
16. patten C, meyer ra, Fleckenstein Jl. t2 mapping of muscle. semin musculoskelet radiol
2003;7(4):297-305.
17. pooley ra. aapm/rsNa physics tutorial for residents: fundamental physics of mr imaging.
radiographics 2005;25:1087-99.
18. damon Bm, gore JC. physiological basis of muscle functional mri: predictions using a computer
model. J appl physiol 2005;98(1):264-73.
19. donahue Km, Van KJ, guven s, et al. simultaneous gradient-echo/spin-echo epi of graded
ischemia in human skeletal muscle. J magn reson imaging 1998;8(5):1106-13.
20. Fleckenstein Jl, haller rg, lewis sF, et al. absence of exercise-induced mri enhancement of
skeletal muscle in mcardle's disease. J appl physiol 1991;71(3):961-9.
21. saab g, thompson rt, marsh gd. effects of exercise on muscle transverse relaxation determined
by mr imaging and in vivo relaxometry. J appl physiol 2000;88(1):226-33.
22. yue g, alexander al, laidlaw dh, gmitro aF, unger eC, enoka rm. sensitivity of muscle proton
spin-spin relaxation time as an index of muscle activation. J appl physiol 1994;77(1):84-92.
23. Conley ms, meyer ra, Bloomberg JJ, Feeback dl, dudley ga. Noninvasive analysis of human
neck muscle function. spine 1995;20(23):2505-12.
24. adams gr, duvoisin mr, dudley ga. magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography as
indexes of muscle function. J appl physiol;73(4):1578-83.
25. Fleckenstein Jl, Watumull d, mcintire dd, Bertocci la, Chason dp, peshock rm. muscle proton
t2 relaxation times and work during repetitive maximal voluntary exercise. J appl physiol
1993;74(6):2855-9.
26. Jenner g, Foley Jm, Cooper tg, potchen eJ, meyer ra. Changes in magnetic resonance images of
muscle depend on exercise intensity and duration, not work. J appl physiol 1994;76(5):2119-24.
concluSion
L'IRM-fm est une technique relativement nouvelle et
innovatrice qui permet d'examiner les schémas normaux
et anormaux d'activation musculaire chez des individus,
durant un exercice. L'avantage de la technique est qu'elle
permet d'évaluer l'activité musculaire de muscles profonds
ou voisins et chevauchants, et ce de manière non invasive.
Cette technique offre dès lors de nombreuses possibilités
pour étudier davantage et pour étayer scientifiquement
l'évaluation et la revalidation des patients souffrant d'af-
fections musculo-squelettiques, que ce soit en tant que
technique isolée ou en association avec d'autres méthodes
non invasives.
27. Kinugasa r, akima h. Neuromuscular activation of triceps surae using muscle functional mri and
emg. med sci sports exerc 2005;37(4):593-8.
28. dickx N, d'hooge r, Cagnie B, deschepper e, Verstraete K, danneels l. magnetic
resonance imaging and electromyography to measure lumbar back muscle activity. spine
2010;35(17):e836-e842.
29. mayer Jm, graves Je, Clark BC, Formikell m, ploutz-snyder ll. the use of magnetic resonance
imaging to evaluate lumbar muscle activity during trunk extension exercise at varying intensities.
spine 2000;15;30(22):2556-63.
30. Cheng ha, robergs ra, letellier Jp, Caprihan a, icenogle mV, haseler lJ. Changes in muscle
proton transverse relaxation times and acidosis during exercise and recovery. J appl physiol
1995;79(4):1370-8.
31. price tB, Kamen g, damon B, et al. Comparison of mri with emg to study muscle activity
associated with dynamic plantar flexion. magn reson imaging 2003;21(8):853-61.
32. Cagnie B, dickx N, peeters i, et al. the use of functional mri to evaluate cervical flexor activity
during different cervical flexion exercises. J appl physiol 2008;104(1):230-5.
33. Cagnie B, dolphens m, peeters i, achten e, Cambier d, danneels l. use of muscle functional
magnetic resonance imaging to compare cervical flexor activity between patients with
whiplash-associated disorders and people who are healthy. phys ther 2010;90(8):1157-64.
34. elliott J, o'leary s, Cagnie B, durbridge gl, danneels l, Jull g. Cranio-cervical orientation affects
muscle recruitment patterns when exercising the cervical extensors in healthy subjects. arch
phys med rehabil 2010;91:1418-22.
35. takeda y, Kashiwaguchi s, endo K, matsuura t, sasa t. the most effective exercise for
strengthening the supraspinatus muscle: evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging. am J
sports med 2002;30(3):374-81.
36. Cagnie B, d'hooge r, achten e, Cambier d, danneels l. a magnetic resonance imaging
investigation into the function of the deep cervical flexors during the performance of
craniocervical flexion. J manipulative physiol ther 2010;33(4):286-91.
37. dickx N, Cagnie B, achten e, Vandemaele p, parlevliet t, danneels l. Changes in lumbar muscle
activity because of induced muscle pain evaluated by muscle functional magnetic resonance
imaging. spine 2008;33(26):e983.
38. Falla d, Jull g, o'leary s, dall'alba p. Further evaluation of an emg technique for assessment of the
deep cervical flexor muscles. J electromyogr Kinesiol 2006;16(6):621-8.
39. Fountain Fp, minear Wl, allison rd. Function of longus colli and longissimus cervicis muscles in
man. arch phys med rehabil 1966;47(10):665-9.
40. o'leary s, Jull g, Kim m, Vicenzino B. Cranio-cervical flexor muscle impairment at maximal,
moderate, and low loads is a feature of neck pain. man ther 2007;12:34-9.
41. Vitti m, Fujiwara m, Basmanjian Jm, iida m. the integrated roles of longus colli and
sternocleidomastoid muscles: an electromyographic study. anat rec 1973;177(4):471-84.
42. stokes ia, henry sm, single rm. surface emg electrodes do not accurately record from lumbar
multifidus muscles. Clin Biomech 2003;18(1):9-13.
43. adams gr, harris rt, Woodard d, dudley ga. mapping of electrical muscle stimulation using
mri. J appl physiol 1993;74(2):532-7.
44. Fleckenstein Jl. muscle water shifts, volume changes, and proton t2 relaxation times after
exercise. J appl physiol 1993;74(4):2047-8.
45. o'leary s, Cagnie B, reeve a, Jull g, elliott J. is there altered activity of the extensor muscles in
chronic mechanical neck pain? a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. arch phys med
rehabil 2011;92(6):929-34.
46. ono t, higashihara a, Fukubayashi t. hamstring functions during hip-extension exercise assessed
with electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging. res sports med 2011;19(1):42-52.
47. ploutz-snyder ll, yackel-giamis el, rosenbaum ae, Formikell m. use of muscle functional
magnetic resonance imaging with older individuals. J gerontol a Biol sci med sci 2000
october;55(10):B504-B511.
48. Kulig K, powers Cm, shellock Fg, terk m. the effects of eccentric velocity on activation of elbow
flexors: evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging. med sci sports exerc 2001;33(2):196-200.
49. akima h, takahashi h, Kuno sy, et al. early phase adaptations of muscle use and strength to
isokinetic training. med sci sports exerc 1999;31(4):588-94.
50. ploutz ll, tesch pa, Biro rl, dudley ga. effect of resistance training on muscle use during
exercise. J appl physiol 1994;76(4):1675-81.
51. akima h. Functional imaging of human skeletal muscle during movement: implications for
recruitment, metabolism and circulation. int J sport health sci 2005;3:194-207.
52. Kelly Bt, Kadrmas Wr, speer Kp. the manual muscle examination for rotator cuff strength. an
electromyographic investigation. am J sports med 1996;24(5):581-8.
53. Falla dl, Jull ga, hodges pW. patients with neck pain demonstrate reduced electromyographic
activity of the deep cervical flexor muscles during performance of the craniocervical flexion test.
spine 2004;29(19):2108-14.
54. o'leary s, Falla d, Jull g, Vicenzino B. muscle specificity in tests of cervical flexor muscle
performance. J electromyogr Kinesiol 2007;17(1):35-40.
55. akima h, hioki m, Furukawa t. effect of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy on the function of
quadriceps femoris. Knee surg sports traumatol arthrosc 2008;16(11):1017-25.
56. Cagnie B, dirks r, schouten m, parlevliet t, Cambier d, danneels l. Functional reorganization of
cervical flexor activity because of induced muscle pain evaluated by muscle functional magnetic
resonance imaging. man ther 2011;doi:10.1016/j.math.2011.02.013.
57. Cagnie B, o'leary s, elliott J, peeters i, parlevliet t, danneels l. pain-induced changes in the
activity of the cervical extensor muscles evaluated by muscle functional magnetic resonance
imaging. Clin J pain 2011;27(5):392-7.
58. Conley ms, stone mh, Nimmons m, dudley ga. resistance training and human cervical muscle
recruitment plasticity. J appl physiol 1997;83(6):2105-11.
59. akima h, ushiyama J, Kubo J, et al. resistance training during unweighting maintains muscle
size and function in human calf. med sci sports exerc 2003;35(4):655-62.